Understanding Time Perception and ADHD: Why Your Child May Struggle with Time Management

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“No, I mean right now, you need to get in the car,” I said impatiently to my 10-year-old son. “Right this minute. It’s not the time to gather your things, put on your shoes, or start contemplating moving toward the car.”

This was a frequent scenario in our home. Why was my son perpetually late, even with his checklist in hand? Time is a sequence. A checklist is a sequence. So why was it such a struggle to leave the house every morning? As someone who naturally organizes tasks along a timeline, it baffled me to have a child for whom this was a challenge.

What is Time Blindness?

Once I discovered the term “time blindness,” everything clicked into place. This phenomenon, common among individuals with ADHD, describes a lack of awareness of the passage of time and difficulty in planning and completing tasks within specific time limits. It goes beyond merely losing track of time; it’s about not grasping the relationship between time and tasks. For many people with ADHD, using time as a tool to set and achieve goals can feel overwhelming.

Experts suggest that individuals with ADHD process time differently from those without it. The feeling of becoming so engrossed in an enjoyable activity that hours slip away, or conversely, laboring through a disliked task for what feels like an eternity only to realize it’s been a mere 30 minutes, is something we all experience. However, for those with ADHD, these sensations are often amplified.

For example, my 15-year-old son can dive into his music software and compose an elaborate piano concerto, completely losing track of time. Yet, when it comes to getting ready to leave the house on time, he faces an uphill battle. Getting ready demands a keen awareness of time’s passage and how long tasks generally take. But if you’re time-blind, how can you estimate the duration of a task when you’ve never tracked it before?

Moreover, individuals with ADHD often have a limited time horizon. Short-term goals seem more achievable than long-term ones because the latter can feel abstract and distant. This often leads to procrastination regarding future plans.

Fortunately, if you or your child face challenges with time blindness, there are several strategies to help manage time more effectively. Here are some techniques we’ve found useful:

  1. Use Checklists
    For my son, time blindness causes him to underestimate the time needed for tasks and forget how many tasks exist. A detailed checklist breaking down tasks into smaller steps can provide a visual representation of the work ahead. For instance, instead of just “put on shoes,” it might help to separate it into “put on socks” and “put on shoes.”
  2. Track Common Activities
    Since time blindness often results in losing track of how long tasks take, timing your child on routine activities—like getting ready in the morning—can help them understand how long things actually take.
  3. Encourage Time Awareness
    Rather than rushing, try asking, “We have 10 minutes before we need to leave. What do you still need to do?” This method reduces anxiety and prompts your child to assess their tasks within the time limit.
  4. Set Alarms
    Using alarms can help remind your child of upcoming tasks while allowing them to focus on their current activities. For instance, setting alerts for piano lessons can ensure they never miss another session.
  5. Build in Time Buffers
    Assume tasks will take 20-50% longer than anticipated. If your child believes they can be ready in 30 minutes, it’s wise to allow 45 minutes instead. This helps accommodate unexpected delays, like a spilled breakfast.
  6. Keep Clocks Visible
    ADHD brains often pick up on small details. Having a clock in every room can help your child become more aware of the time passing.
  7. Ensure Adequate Sleep
    Mornings can be particularly challenging for those with time blindness. Make sure your child gets enough sleep to improve their chances of managing their time effectively.

It’s essential to recognize that not every moment needs to be meticulously scheduled. Raising a child with ADHD has taught me that sometimes unplanned moments lead to the most wonderful experiences. While mastering time management is vital when necessary, it’s also valuable to embrace spontaneity and creativity. Just remember to set an alarm if you have somewhere to be!

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Summary

Time blindness, common among those with ADHD, can make time management feel impossible. Understanding this condition can help parents implement strategies such as checklists, timing common tasks, and encouraging time awareness to improve their children’s ability to manage time effectively.