By: Jamie Collins
Updated: Dec. 22, 2021
Originally Published: Dec. 22, 2021
At just six months old, my son was diagnosed with bronchiolitis, a viral infection that leads to inflammation and mucus buildup in the lungs. Due to his young age, his pediatrician prescribed two medications to be delivered via a nebulizer, a device designed to administer medication by pushing air into his small body.
Each night, right after he would drift off to sleep, we would gently place the mask over his face. The soothing hum of the machine provided some comfort, but he would often resist the mask. His coughing and breathing difficulties significantly intensified at night. Today, he has been diagnosed with asthma.
In the United States, 6.1 million children under 18, like my son, suffer from asthma, a chronic condition. A study by the American Lung Association revealed that over 3.5 million children experienced an asthma attack in 2016.
Asthma in children can be triggered by various factors. For some, it is genetic, while for others, environmental elements such as pollution or allergens like dust mites play a role. The Mayo Clinic notes that while childhood asthma cannot be cured, effective treatment can help control symptoms and protect developing lungs. Some children may outgrow their asthma, but for others, it can worsen, especially during the night.
Recent research published in the American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology indicates that melatonin, a natural hormone released by the body at night, can diminish the effectiveness of inhalers used for asthma. Higher melatonin levels may even constrict the bronchi, the air passages to the lungs. An article from Kids First Pediatrics highlights that the likelihood of asthma symptoms increases during sleep, with nocturnal symptoms like chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing frequently disrupting sleep.
When nighttime asthma attacks occur, it can lead to challenging days for your little one. So, what steps can you take to help your child during these episodes?
1. Inspect Their Bedding
Dust mites, pet dander, or feathers from comforters can all trigger asthma. Keep bedding clean and consider using dust-proof covers for pillows and mattresses to keep allergens at bay.
2. Adjust Their Position
Lying flat can exacerbate asthma, particularly if sinus issues, acid reflux, or colds are factors. A wedge pillow or stacking regular pillows can help elevate their position.
3. Optimize Air Quality
Cold, dry air can irritate airways. Check windows for drafts and consider using a humidifier during dry winter months.
4. Maintain Room Cleanliness
Though it can be challenging with kids, keeping the bedroom as dust-free as possible can help reduce nighttime asthma triggers.
5. Limit Pet Access
Pet hair and dander can contribute to asthma symptoms. It might be tough when your child loves snuggling with the family pet, but keeping pets out of the bedroom is advisable.
While prevention is essential, it may not eliminate every nighttime asthma attack. In such cases, medications like steroids or fast-acting nebulizer treatments can provide relief. Regardless of the medications at hand, witnessing your child struggle to breathe—especially at night—can be frightening.
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Summary
Nighttime asthma can be particularly challenging for children, affecting their sleep and daily behavior. Understanding the triggers and implementing preventive measures, such as adjusting bedding and air quality, can significantly help. However, it’s crucial to be prepared with appropriate medications in case of nighttime attacks.
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